The Connection Between Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) and Heart Health: What You Should Know

Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disorder that primarily affects the joints and has systemic effects, including an increased risk of heart disease. Patients with RA have a 1.5–2.0-fold increased risk of developing coronary artery disease (CAD) compared with the general population. This blog explores the link between RA and heart health, the reasons behind this connection, and ways to manage the risk of cardiovascular issues.
What is Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA)?
RA is a chronic condition where the immune system attacks the synovium, the lining of the joints, causing inflammation, pain, and joint damage. Beyond the joints, RA's systemic inflammation can affect other organs, including the heart, increasing the risk of cardiovascular diseases.
Why Does RA Affect Heart Health?
1. Inflammation and Atherosclerosis
Chronic inflammation from RA contributes to the buildup of plaque in arteries (atherosclerosis), leading to an increased risk of heart attacks and strokes.
2. Increased Risk of Blood Clots
RA can alter blood clotting mechanisms, increasing the likelihood of blood clots, which can cause complications such as deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism.
3. Impact of RA Medications
While some RA medications, like corticosteroids, can raise cardiovascular risk factors, newer biologics help manage inflammation with fewer cardiac side effects.
4. Systemic Effects of RA
RA-related inflammation can affect the heart tissues and blood vessels, leading to pericarditis and myocarditis.
The Link Between RA and Specific Heart Conditions
1. Coronary Artery Disease (CAD)
RA increases the risk of coronary artery disease due to inflammation promoting plaque buildup in the arteries.
2. Heart Failure
Chronic inflammation from RA can damage heart muscles and blood vessels, leading to heart failure.
3. Stroke
RA-related inflammation and an increased tendency for blood clots raise the risk of strokes.
4. Arrhythmias
Inflammation from RA can disrupt the heart’s electrical system, increasing the likelihood of arrhythmias.
How Can RA Patients Protect Their Heart Health?
1. Control Inflammation
Managing RA with DMARDs or biologics helps reduce systemic inflammation and lowers cardiovascular risks.
2. Maintain a Healthy Lifestyle
Exercise Regularly: Low-impact activities like walking or swimming help improve heart health.
Eat a Heart-Healthy Diet: Focus on anti-inflammatory foods such as leafy greens and omega-3-rich fish.
Avoid Smoking: Smoking exacerbates both RA and cardiovascular conditions.
3. Monitor Cardiovascular Health
Regular checkups with your healthcare provider can help detect and manage heart disease early.
4. Manage Other Risk Factors
Control Blood Pressure: High blood pressure increases heart disease risk.
Manage Cholesterol: Keeping cholesterol levels in check helps prevent atherosclerosis.
Maintain a Healthy Weight: Reducing excess weight alleviates joint stress and improves heart health.
RA's impact extends beyond the joints to significantly increase cardiovascular risks. However, by controlling inflammation, adopting a healthy lifestyle, and closely monitoring heart health, RA patients can reduce their risk of heart disease.
At FirstChoice Rheumatology, we offer comprehensive care to help manage RA and protect your heart health. Contact us for personalized advice and support in managing your condition effectively.
About Dr. Shalene Badhan

When it comes to managing rheumatologic conditions, empathy is as crucial as expertise. Dr. Shalene Badhan, our lead Rheumatologist and an Internal Medicine specialist, embodies both. Having been diagnosed with psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis herself, Dr. Badhan brings a unique perspective to her practice, combining professional excellence with personal insight. Her journey through diagnosis, treatment, and daily management of autoimmune diseases allows her to connect with her patients on a profound level, offering not just medical advice but also understanding and solidarity.